Ch. 16 Becoming a World Power

1. imperialism – when nations build empires by adding colonies
2. isthmus – a narrow strip of land that links two larger pieces of land. It has water on both sides
3. alliance – an agreement nations make to support and defend each other
4. trench warfare –  a way of fighting in which soldiers fought from long narrow ditches, or trenches
5. armistice – an agreement to stop fighting
6. isolationism – the belief that the United States should stay out of world events
7. assembly line – a line of workers and equipment that puts a product together piece by piece
8. division of labor – when worker perform different parts of a large task
9. credit – to get an item today but pay for it later
10. stock market – the place where stocks are bought and sold
11. unemployment – the number of people without a job
12. depression – a period when many people can’t find work and many others have no money to keep businesses going
13. dictator – a ruler who has total power over a country and its people
14. war bonds – loans from the American people to the federal government
15. internment camp – a place where prisoners are held during wartime
16. atomic bomb – a powerful bomb that can destroy an entire city
17. concentration camp – a place where large numbers of people are held prisoner and forced to work
18. The U.S. purchased Alaska from Russia in 1864. Its nickname was Seward’s Folly.
19. Hawaii and Alaska became a state in 1959.
20. When Cuba revolted against Spain, the U.S. helped by attacking Spain at the Philippine Islands. This started the Spanish-American War.
21. Theodore Roosevelt formed the Rough Riders to fight in Cuba. The Rough Riders and Buffalo Soldiers defeated Spain when they won the Battle of San Juan Hill.
22. Spain surrendered in 1898, giving up Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam to the U.S.
23. The Panama Canal opened in 1914.

WWI

24. Allied Powers:

                a. Britain

                b. France

                c. Russia

25. Central Powers:

                a. Germany

                b. Austria-Hungary

26. Two major causes for WWI:

                a. nationalism

                b. alliances

27. Weapons used in WWI:

                a. machine guns

                b. cannons

                c. metal-covered tanks

                d. submarines

                e. poison gas

                f. airplanes

28.  The U.S. joined the Allied Powers in 1917 after Germany attacked American ships.

29. WWI ended on Nov. 11, 1918. A treaty was signed at Versailles, France.

30. The League of Nations was formed to work together for peace in the world.

31. Henry Ford used the assembly line in making cars.

32. The 1920s were a time of growth for the U.S. economy. People used credit to buy consumer goods.

33. Charles Lindbergh was the first person to fly an airplane alone across the Atlantic Ocean.

34. Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic Ocean.

35. The stock market crash in 1929 started the time called the Great Depression.

36. Franklin D. Roosevelt was president during the Great Depression. He created programs to help suffering people. They were called the New Deal.

37. Eleanor Roosevelt spoke out for the rights of workers and children.

38. Adolf Hitler was a dictator in Germany in the 1930’s. He led the Nazi’s in persecution of the Jews.